Breast cancer and the role of cytokines in regulating estrogen synthesis: an emerging hypothesis.

A. Identification of factors that stimulate estrogen synthesis B. Potentiation of cytokine stimulation of estrogen synthesis VI. The Role of Soluble Cytokine Receptors in Cytokine Action A. Mechanism of cytokine action B. Regulation of gp80 and gp130 C. Regulation of IL-6 sR shedding VII. Origin of Estrogen-Stimulating Factors in Breast Tumors A. The role of cells of the immune system B. Macrophages and lymphocytes in breast tumors VIII. Regulation of Lymphocyte Cytokine Production A. Th1 and Th2-helper cells B. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and glucocorti-coids IX. Clinical Observations Explained by Proposed Model of Cytokine Regulation of Estrogen Synthesis A. Septic shock B. The effect of aging on peripheral estrogen synthesis C. The effect of weight on peripheral aromatase activity D. The discriminant function test E. Stress and breast cancer F. Immunosuppression and breast cancer risk G. Failure of glucocorticoids to stimulate aromatase activity in vivo